Ple4Win´s Non-linear modules

The large angle- module (L) allows non-linear geometric calculation of the displacements, internal forces, and related soil and support reactions, based on equilibrium of the external load system on the deformed pipe structure.

The R module redistributes local ring ovalisations, based on harmonic dependent wave length.

Using the non-linear geometric section module, limited bend angle and altered (bend) stiffness due to ovalisation are taken into account.

With the non-linear material module (M0), yielding of the (steel) material is taken into account (only in a last phase or one phase only).

Alternating yield module (M1) enables the advanced functionality for analysing the behaviour of pipelines under cyclic loading conditions.

The Anisotropic module (V) enables to distinguish between the material stiffness module (E) in longitudinal and circumferential direction and distinguish between normal and bending stressing.